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# VIM CHEATSHEET
# WEBSITE: http://www.vim.org/
# DOCUMENTATION: https://vim.sourceforge.io/docs.php
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# CURSOR MOVEMENTS
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h move left
j move down
k move up
l move right
w jump by start of words (punctuation considered words)
W jump by words (spaces separate words)
e jump to end of words (punctuation considered words)
E jump to end of words (no punctuation)
b jump backward by words (punctuation considered words)
B jump backward by words (no punctuation)
ge jump backward to end of a word
gE jump backwards to the end of a word (words can contain punctuation)
0 (zero) start of line
^ first non-blank character of line
$ jump to the end of the line
g_ jump to the last non-blank character of the line
- move line upwards, on the first non-blank character
+ move line downwards, on the first non-blank character
<enter> move line downwards, on the first non-blank character
gg go to first line
G go to last line
ngg go to line n
nG go To line n
:n go To line n
) move the cursor forward to the next sentence.
( move the cursor backward by a sentence.
{ move the cursor a paragraph backwards
} move the cursor a paragraph forwards
]] move the cursor a section forwards or to the next {
[[ move the cursor a section backwards or the previous {
H move the cursor to the top of the screen.
M move the cursor to the middle of the screen.
L move the cursor to the bottom of the screen.
fx search line forward for 'x'
Fx search line backward for 'x'
tx search line forward before 'x'
Tx search line backward before 'x'
CTRL-y moves screen up one line
CTRL-e moves screen down one line
CTRL-u moves cursor & screen up ½ page
CTRL-d moves cursor & screen down ½ page
CTRL-b moves screen up one page, cursor to last line
CTRL-f moves screen down one page, cursor to first line
zz shift current line to middle of screen
z. same as zz but also jumps to the first non-black character
zt shift current line to top of screen
zb shift current line to bottom of screen
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# BOOKMARKS
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:marks list all the current marks
ma make a bookmark named a at the current cursor position
`a go to position of bookmark a
'a go to the line with bookmark a
`0 go to the position where Vim was previously exited
`" go to the position when last editing this file
`. go to the line that you last edited
`` go to the position before the last jump
g, go to newer position in change list
g; go to older position in change list
# Tip: To jump to a mark you can either use a backtick (`) or an apostrophe (').
# Using an apostrophe jumps to the beginning (first non-blank) of the line holding the mark.
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# INSERT MODE
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i start insert mode at cursor
I insert at the beginning of the line
gi return to insert mode where you inserted text the last time
gI like "I", but always start in column 1
a append after the cursor
A append at the end of the line
o open (append) blank line below current line
O open blank line above current line
CTRL-o Temporarily enter normal mode to issue one normal-mode command(while in insert mode)
Esc exit insert mode
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# EDITING
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r replace a single character (does not use insert mode)
R enter Insert mode, replacing characters rather than inserting
J join line below to the current one with one space in between
gJ join line below to the current one without space in between
cc change (replace) an entire line
cw change (replace) to the end of word (same as ce)
2cw change (replace) repeat cw twice
ciw change (replace) word under the cursor
caw change (replace) word under the cursor and the space after or before it
ci" change (replace) word inside ""
cit change (replace) html tag content
cat change (replace) html tag
cis change (replace) sentence under the cursor
cas change (replace) sentence under the cursor and the space after or before it
cib change (replace) inside a block with ()
cab change (replace) a block with ()
ciB change (replace) inside a block with {}
caB change (replace) a block with {}
C change (replace) to the end of line(same as c$)
cG change (replace) to the end of the file
cgg change (replace) from first line to current line
ct' change (replace) until the ' character (can change ' for any character)
s delete character at cursor and substitute text
S delete line at cursor and substitute text (same as cc)
xp transpose two letters (delete and paste, technically)
u undo
CTRL-r redo
. repeat last command
~ switch case
g~iw switch case of current word
gUiw make current word uppercase
guiw make current word lowercase
gU$ make uppercase until end of line
gu$ make lowercase until end of line
>> indent line one column to right
>i{ indent everything in the {}
<< indent line one column to left
== auto-indent current line
ddp swap current line with next
ddkP swap current line with previous
:%retab fix spaces / tabs issues in whole file
:r [name] insert the file [name] below the cursor.
:r !{cmd} execute {cmd} and insert its standard output below the cursor.
# Tip: Instead of b or B one can also use ( or { respectively.
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# DELETING TEXT
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x delete current character
X delete previous character
dw delete (cut) to the end of word (same as de)
diw delete (cut) word under the cursor
daw delete (cut) word under the cursor and the space after or before it
dap delete (cut) a paragraph
dd delete (cut) a line
dt' delete (cut) until the next ' character on the line (replace ' by any character)
dG delete (cut) to the end of the file
dgg delete (cut) from first line to current line
D delete (cut) from cursor to end of line (same as d$)
:[range]d delete [range] lines
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# COPYING AND MOVING TEXT
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yw yank word
yy yank (copy) a line
2yy yank 2 lines
y$ yank to end of line
p put (paste) the clipboard after cursor/current line
P put (paste) before cursor/current line
gp put (paste) the clipboard after cursor and leave cursor after the new text
gP put (paste) before cursor and leave cursor after the new text
"+y yank into the system clipboard register
"+p paste from the system clipboard register
:set paste avoid unexpected effects in pasting
:registers display the contents of all registers
"xyw yank word into register x
"xyy yank line into register x
:[range]y x yank [range] lines into register x
"xp put the text from register x after the cursor
"xP put the text from register x before the cursor
"xgp just like "p", but leave the cursor just after the new text
"xgP just like "P", but leave the cursor just after the new text
:[line]put x put the text from register x after [line]
# Tip: if you are using vim extension on vs code, you can enable
"vim.useSystemClipboard": true
in setting.json, this will allow to Use system clipboard for unnamed register.
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# MACROS
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qa start recording macro 'a'
q end recording macro
@a replay macro 'a'
@: replay last command
@@ repeat macro
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# VISUAL MODE
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v start visual mode, mark lines, then do command (such as y-yank)
V start linewise visual mode
o move to other end of marked area
U upper case of marked area
CTRL-v start visual block mode
O move to other corner of block
aw mark a word
ab a () block (with braces)
aB a {} block (with brackets)
at a block with <> tags
ib inner () block
iB inner {} block
it inner <> block
Esc exit visual mode
VISUAL MODE COMMANDS
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> shift right
< shift left
c change (replace) marked text
y yank (copy) marked text
d delete marked text
~ switch case
VISUAL MODE SHORTCUTS
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v% selects matching parenthesis
vi{ selects matching curly brace
vi" selects text between double quotes
vi' selects text between single quotes
gv reselect the last selected area
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# SPELLING
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]s next misspelled word
[s previous misspelled word
zg add word to wordlist
zug undo last add word
z= suggest word
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# EXITING
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:q quit Vim. This fails when changes have been made.
:q! quit without writing.
:cq quit always, without writing.
:w save without exiting.
:wq write the current file and exit.
:wq! write the current file and exit always.
:wq {file} write to {file}. Exit if not editing the last
:wq! {file} write to {file} and exit always.
:[range]wq[!] same as above, but only write the lines in [range].
ZZ write current file, if modified, and exit.
ZQ quit current file and exit (same as ":q!").
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# SEARCH/REPLACE
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/pattern search for pattern
?pattern search backward for pattern
n repeat search in same direction
N repeat search in opposite direction
* search forward, word under cursor
# search backward, word under cursor
set ic ignore case: turn on
set noic ignore case: turn off
:%s/old/new/g replace all old with new throughout file
:%s/old/new/gc replace all old with new throughout file with confirmation
:argdo %s/old/new/gc | wq open multiple files and run this command to replace old
with new in every file with confirmation, save and quit
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# MULTIPLE FILES
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:e filename edit a file in a new buffer
:tabe filename edit a file in a new tab (Vim7, gVim)
:ls list all buffers
:bn go to next buffer
:bp go to previous buffer
:bd delete a buffer (close a file)
:b1 show buffer 1
:b vimrc show buffer whose filename begins with "vimrc"
:bufdo <command> run 'command(s)' in all buffers
:[range]bufdo <command> run 'command(s)' for buffers in 'range'
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# WINDOWS
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:sp f split open f
:vsp f vsplit open f
CTRL-w s split windows
CTRL-w w switch between windows
CTRL-w q quit a window
CTRL-w v split windows vertically
CTRL-w x swap windows
CTRL-w h left window
CTRL-w j down window
CTRL-w k up window
CTRL-w l right window
CTRL-w + increase window height
CTRL-w - decrease window height
CTRL-w < increase window width
CTRL-w > decrease window width
CTRL-w = equal window
CTRL-w o close other windows
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# QUICKFIX WINDOW
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copen open quickfix window
cclose close quickfix window
cc [nr] display error [nr]
cfirst display the first error
clast display the last error
[count]cn display [count] next error
[count]cp display [count] previous error
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# PROGRAMMING
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% show matching brace, bracket, or parenthese
gf edit the file whose name is under the cursor
gF edit the file whose name is under the cursor and jump to the line number
gd when the cursor is on a local variable or function, jump to its declaration
'' return to the line where the cursor was before the latest jump
CTRL-o move to previous position you were at
CTRL-i move to more recent position you were at
:set nu display numbers (short for :set number)
:set nonu hide numbers (short for :set nonumber)
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# PLUGINS > ACK
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:Ack Search recursively in directory
o to open (same as enter)
go to preview file (open but maintain focus on ack.vim results)
t to open in new tab
T to open in new tab silently
q to close the quickfix window
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# PLUGINS > CHEAT
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:Cheat open cheat sheet (with autocomplete)
<leader>ch open cheat sheet for word under the cursor
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# PLUGINS > GIST
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:Gist post whole text to gist
:Gist XXXXX get gist XXXXX
:Gist -l list my gists
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# PLUGINS > GUNDO
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:GundoToggle show undo tree
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# PLUGINS > LUSTYJUGGLER
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<Leader>lj show open buffers
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# PLUGINS > NERDCOMMENTER
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<leader>cc comment out line(s)
<leader>c<space> toggle the comment state of the selected line(s)
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# PLUGINS > NERDTREE
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:NERDTreeToggle show / hide file browser
:NERDTreeFind show current file in file browser
:Bookmark name bookmark the current node as "name"
FILE
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o open in prev window
go preview
t open in new tab
T open in new tab silently
i open split
gi preview split
s open vsplit
gs preview vsplit
DIRECTORY
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o open & close node
O recursively open node
x close parent of node
X close all child nodes of current node recursively
e explore selected dir
BOOKMARK
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o open bookmark
t open in new tab
T open in new tab silently
D delete bookmark
TREE NAVIGATION
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P go to root
p go to parent
K go to first child
J go to last child
CTRL-j go to next sibling
CTRL-k go to prev sibling
FILESYSTEM
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C change tree root to the selected dir
u move tree root up a dir
U move tree root up a dir but leave old root open
r refresh cursor dir
R refresh current root
m show menu
cd change the CWD to the selected dir
TREE FILTERING
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I hidden files
f file filters
F files
B bookmarks
OTHER
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q close the NERDTree window
A zoom (maximize-minimize) the NERDTree window
? toggle help
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# PLUGINS > PDV
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CTRL-P generate PHP DOC
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# PLUGINS > PICKACOLOR
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:PickHEX choose color in system color picker
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# PLUGINS > SNIPMATE
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<tab> expand snippet
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# PLUGINS > SPARKUP
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CTRL-e execute sparkup (zen coding expansion)
CTRL-n jump to the next empty tag / attribute
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# PLUGINS > SURROUND
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cs'" change surrounding quotes to double-quotes
cs(} change surrounding parens to braces
cs({ change surrounding parens to braces with space
ds' delete surrounding quotes
dst delete surrounding tags
ysiw[ surround inner word with brackets
vees' surround 2 words (ee) with quotes '
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# PLUGINS > TABULAR
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:Tabularize /, line the selected lines up on the commas
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# PLUGINS > TAGLIST
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:TlistToggle open / close taglist window
<enter> jump to tag or file
<space> display the tag prototype
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# PLUGINS > UNIMPAIRED
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[space new line above
]space new line below
[e exchange line above
]e exchange line below
[x XML encode
]x XML decode (with htmlentities)
[q jump to previous quickfix item
]q jump to next quickfix item
[Q jump to first quickfix item
]Q jump to last quickfix item
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# PLUGINS > VIM-FUGITIVE
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:Git run a git command
:Gstatus git status : - to (un)stage , p to patch, C to commit
:Gcommit git commit
:Gread empty the buffer and revert to the last commit
:Gwrite write the current file and stage the results
:Gmove git mv
:Gremove git rm
:Glog git log
:Gdiff perform a vimdiff against the current file of a certain revision
:Gblame open blame information in a scroll bound vertical splitt
:Gbrowse open github
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# PLUGINS > VIM-MARKDOWN-PREVIEW
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:Mm preview markdown document in webbrowser
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# PLUGINS > VIM-PEEPOPEN
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<Leader>p open the current directory with the peepopen application (fuzzy search)
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# PLUGINS > VIM-SYMFONY
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:Sview open template file
:Saction open action file
:Smodel open model file
:Sfilter open filter file
:Sform open form file
:Spartial open partial file / write selected content in partial + include
:Scomponent open component file / write selected content in component + include
:Salternate open alternate model file (class - table class)
:Symfony execute task
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# PERSONAL .VIMRC
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<leader>ev edit vimrc file
<leader>sv reload vimrc file
<leader>sh show syntax highlighting groups for word under cursor
<space> page down
jj exit insertion mode
<leader>q close the current window
<leader>/ clear the search register
<leader>h toggle hidden characters
<leader>W strip all trailing whitespace
CTRL-h go to left window
CTRL-j go to down window
CTRL-k go to top window
CTRL-l go to right window
<leader>w open vertical split window and activate
%% will expand to current directory
<leader>ew open file from current directory
<leader>es open file in split window from current directory
<leader>cd change directory to parent dir of current file
## will expand to webroot
:Wrap wrap text
<F2> toggle wrapped text
<F3> toggle spell check
<F4> toggle light/dark background
<F5> underline with dashes
<F6> underline with double lines
<leader><up> bubble line(s) up
<leader><down> bublle line(s) down
:Ltag load tags file
:Project cd to project and load tags file
<leader>t show current tag for word under cursor
<leader>st show current tag for word under cursor in split window
<leader>tj show current tag list for word under cursor
<leader>stj show current tag list for word under cursor in split window
CTRL-<space> show omnicomplete menu
<leader>b surround with strong tags
<leader>i surround with em tags
CTRL-p generate PHP DOC
<leader>a run Ack
<leader>md preview markdown
<leader>s preview in safari
<leader>x colorpicker
<leader>n toggle Nerdtree
<leader>N close Nerdtree
<leader>f find current file in Nerdtree
<leader>l toggle Taglist
<leader>L close Taglist
<leader>ph set filetype to php.html
<leader>r reload all snipmate snippets
CTRL-<tab> switch between buffers
CTRL-y go to next tag of attribute in sparkup plugin
<leader>g toggle Gundo window
IMG<CR> show image browser to insert image tag with src, width and height
b insert image tag with dimensions from NERDTree
(http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5707925/vim-image-placement)